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The conditional probability that an event \(A\) occurs given the occurrence of another event \(B\) is \(P(A|B) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(B)}\).

In Einstein's general relativity, the field equation \(\mathcal{G} = - \frac{8\pi G}{c^4} \mathcal{T}\) relates spacetime curvature (\(\mathcal{G}\)) to its mass-energy content (\(\mathcal{T}\)).

Newton's mutual attraction force for masses \(m_1\), \(m_2\) is \(F=G\frac{m_1 m_2}{d^2}\), where \(d\) is the distance between them and \(G\) is the gravitational constant.